Symbolism in Lord of the Flies - 1365 Words

Symbolism in Lord of The Flies William Goldings Lord of the Flies is a novel about a group of English school boys who are stranded on a tropical island after their plane has been attacked and crashes during World War II. In the beginning, the boys like being on their own without adults. The boys separate into two groups, led by Jack and Ralph. Jack is obsessed with hunting, and he and his group pay do not pay attention. Ralph is concerned about keeping a rescue fire lit so they will have a chance to be rescued, but no one else seems too concerned about it. At least one ship passes by without noticing the boys on the island. Things on the island deteriorate into chaos and savagery. Jack and his tribe are consumed with hunting and†¦show more content†¦As time passes that wears off and they become uncontrollable like the fire. ( ) A final symbol of savagery is the fire used by Jack to kill Ralph and burn down the whole island, making it sterile and uninhabitable ( ). In Lord of the Flies the symbols of rational and irrational thinking show the boys decent to becoming uncivilized. Piggys glasses are symbolic of rational thinking. The boys use them to light the signal fires in hopes of being rescued (Frost). The breaking of Piggy’s glasses is symbolic of irrational thinking and breaking the last tie to humanity that the boys have. The building of shelters symbolizes rational thoughts and actions that are part of a constructive society. The thought of hunting, playing and doing anything they want symbolizes irrational thinking. Jack uses Piggy’s glasses to start a fire to smoke Ralph out of hiding meanwhile, destroying the shelters and fruit trees symbolizing how irrational Jack is thinking. The symbol of rational thinking, Ralph and the symbol of irrational thinking, Jack are at opposite ends of the spectrum when talking about leadership. Ralph is not only a rational thinker, but a moral person, keeping fairness in his group. Ralph de cides what is best for the group as a whole showing his leadership skills. Jack gives the boys what Ralph is not able to: fun and games, the thrill of adventure, and the excitement of bloody rituals as a result of irrationalShow MoreRelatedLord Of The Flies : Symbolism1012 Words   |  5 PagesBabatunde Carter (Jnr) English 102-0501 Mrs. Geneva Cannon 16th, November , 2015 Lord of the flies : The Symbolism of the Conch For Centuries philosophers and scholars have bantered about the topic of whether man is naturally fiendish. William Golding offers this conversation starter in his sensible novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies†. Set on a tropical island amid World War II, the novel starts when school boys from Incredible England are being traveled to well being and their plane is shotRead MoreSymbolism in The Lord Of The Flies.812 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Golding was a British writer. He has written several novels, and has won the Nobel Prize in Literature. His best known novel is The Lord of The Flies, published in 1954. In The Lord of the Flies, William Golding uses different themes and symbols to get the point of the novel across. These symbols include the pigs head, the conch, and even the boys themselves. The author uses symbols to show societys’ rules and faults. The first symbol is the conch. Ralph and Piggy discoverRead MoreLord Of The Flies Symbolism Analysis1131 Words   |  5 PagesIn Lord of the Flies (LoF) by William Golding, symbols are used to illustrate Golding’s bleak views of the basic instincts of man. It appears that Golding believes that no matter whom you are or what your life is like, your basic instincts and compulsions are dark, and self-preserving. The majority of this story can be read symbolically whether through the islands structure, the characters if the boys, or the objects occurring within the book. However the symbolism of the conch, the lord of theRead MoreSymbolism In Lord Of The Flies824 Words   |  4 PagesGolding challenges this mindset in his novel, Lord of the Flies. Ralph, a child stranded on a deserted island in Lord of the Flies, agrees with today’s society’s logic at first, stating, â€Å"‘Weve got to have rules and obey them. After all, were not savages. Were English, and the English are best at everything’ (Golding 42). Evident from the events that take place throughout the book, however, the opposite is true. According to Golding’s Lord of the Flies, society is unable to function without a clearRead MoreLord Of The Flies Symbolism Analysis766 Words   |  4 PagesLord Of The Flies In William Golding’s â€Å"Lord Of The Flies† Novel, symbolism is a very important element of the book, Many symbols show how the boys on the island are slowly becoming savage and losing their civility. The conch is just a shell, But it does represents much more than that, the conch is power, order, respect and civility and when its broken, It’s the loss of civilization. The conch is first found by Piggy and Ralph when they first get to the beach. Piggy who’s seen one beforeRead MoreLord Of The Flies Symbolism Analysis710 Words   |  3 PagesLord of the Flies William Golding’s use of Symbolism for Leadership, Survival, and Intelligence †All nature is a vast symbolism; every material fact has sheathed within a spiritual truth† (Edwin Hubbell Chapin)In life there is a lot of symbolisation especially with nature, everything is one thing but can stand for a totally different objective. Being symbolic happens not only in life but in the book in many ways.In the story there is symbolism on good and bad and each stand for what is neededRead MoreLord Of The Flies Symbolism Essay2025 Words   |  9 PagesOftentimes authors will use symbolism through the characters in order to represent a larger encompassing theme. William Golding’s book Lord of the Flies is no exception to this pattern—as various characters in the book have such allegorical meanings. In the case of Jack, he could be said to represent the evilness in humanity, proven by three established concepts in the story: the true nature of his hunting tendencies, the progression of events that happen in his dancing rituals, and his intera ctionsRead MoreLord Of The Flies Symbolism Analysis968 Words   |  4 Pages Lord of the Flies In William Goldings novel Lord of the Flies, he demonstrates the struggle of being trapped on an island containing no civilization and the attempt to remain safe. As the conflict starts to occur on the island, the battle to stay alive and hope to be rescued becomes more challenging for the boys. Throughout the novel, many symbolic elements become significant and are prominently used to get the reader to interpret things differently and see things in other perspectives. In theRead MoreLord Of The Flies Symbolism Analysis752 Words   |  4 PagesLord of the Flies, by William Golding, is full of symbolism and allegories. Three important symbols are the conch shell that represents civilization, the fire that represents hope, and the outside world that the boys represent. The conch shell represents civilization, order, and power. For example, in the beginning of the novel, Ralph blows the conch shell, in hopes of attracting other boys that may be on the island; and, soon, other boys do appear. The conch has brought the boys together, andRead MoreSymbolism And Symbolism In Lord Of The Flies By William Golding892 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the novel, author William Golding includes symbolism that hints at irony, foreshadowing, and a variety of themes. These symbols contribute to the depth and meaning of the story, allowing the characters to act under their influence. In Lord of the Flies, there is a numerous amount of symbols, such as the signal fire, the conch, and the ritual. The signal fire possesses many symbolic meanings essential to the story, Lord of the Flies. In the beginning of the novel, Ralph started a signal

What, if anything, has the discipline of criminology...

What, if anything, has the discipline of criminology learned from the inclusion of a gendered perspective? Gender and Crime Module: Soci308 Deadline: 13/01/2014 Assignment 2: 2,500 words Word Count: 2,500 Module Leader: Dr Karen Evans Student I.D. 200187509 What, if anything, has the discipline of criminology learned from the inclusion of a gendered perspective? In order to whether the discipline of criminology has learned anything from the inclusion of a gendered perspective, this essay will outline historical criminological discourses, addressing key perspectives that differentiate men and women based on biological make-up. This essay will focus on early criminological theorists need to prove criminology as a science,†¦show more content†¦According to Smart (1990), Lombroso (1895) paid little attention to women who committed crime, believing that female crime was mainly of a sexual nature, such as prostitution. Lombroso (1895) argued that female crime was biologically determined, relational to atavistic ‘abnormalities’ in biological make-up, such as masculine physical traits, muscular build, dark facial/body hair, and lacking in maternal instincts as being more likely to commit crime (Smart, 1990). Pollak (1950) elaborates further, offering a stereotypical, narrow vision of female criminality, suggesting that women who commit crime are pathologically deviant and as such, are more conniving than men. Pollak (1950) argues that women are believed to commit less crime than men is because they are so well equipped for lying, deception and trickery, therefore, when they do commit crime, they are rarely apprehended. Pollak (1950) claims that women’s ability to conceal emotion and fake orgasm is a product of their ‘natural’ ability to deceive and manipulate others, thus giving them power to entice men into committing crime (Pollak, 1950). Similar sentiments are echoed in the work of Cowie et al (1968) that suggest masculine personalities are prone to be aggressively dominant, thus when faced with methods of survival or need to prove dominant status, normalises criminal behaviour. In contrast, feminine personalities are ascribed with a submissive, docile nature. Whe n women do not conform to these

Empire Investigation Influence Qualitative -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Empire Investigation Influence Qualitative? Answer: Introduction Audit planning refers to the process of how the audit procedures are carried out during the whole process of audit. In other word audit plan helps the auditor to plan ahead of the audit process which is to be carried out by the auditor and also stick to the schedule of the plan on the basis of which the whole audit process is to be carried out. The auditor is required to prepare a detailed audit plan which the auditor must follow in order to satisfy the objectivity of the audit and also avoid any misunderstanding which might arise with the client(Arens, Elder and Mark 2012). An effective audit plan also ensures that the risks of audit are kept at minimum and also keep a track of the audit process in a systematic manner. The core benefits of audit planning for the auditor is to help the auditor in identifying the sources of sufficient audit evidences, keeps a budget of the audit costs and also maintains the same at a reasonable level and also ensures that there are no misunderstanding between the client and the auditor(Christensenet al. 2014). Analytical Review Analytical Review is a technique which is used by the auditor in order to analyze the financial ratio of the company and also checks the if there are any significant changes. The purpose of using analytical review as an audit procedure is to help the auditor to have an understanding of the business environment(Messier Jr, Simon and Smith 2012). Analytical review analyzes the various risks which are associated with the business and are determined on the basis of nature, timing and extent of the audit procedures(Abbott, Parker and Peters 2012). The application of audit procedures in an audit program helps in the overall audit planning process. Preliminary Judgement on Materiality The concept of materiality is very important term in audit. The materiality concept of audit states if any transaction or item is significant or if it is complex or of significant amount, which can affect the decisions of the investors than the auditor must focus on such items and apply audit procedures on it(Stewart and Kinney Jr 2012). Preliminary judgement on Materiality is on the basis of the auditors judgement on the materiality of an item when conducting an audit either to ensure that the financial statements are represented fairly or not. The identification of materiality on the part of the auditor is solely based on the professional judgement of the auditor. The various factors which are affect the judgement of the auditor on the materiality of the items are the complexity of the item, consistency of the item, nature of the business in relation to the item and other minor factors as well (Emby and Pecchiari 2013). First Account Selected- Gross Profit Margin Gross profit margin of the company depends on the total sales figure which the company has achieved during a year. The sales figure of the company as per the trial balance of the MJC company shows a figure of 147000 in 2017 which has reduced from the previous year figure of sales of 187450 in 2016. The decrease in the sales figure as compared to previous year figure has gone down by 21.58%. This will naturally be affecting the gross profit margin of the company as shown in the income statement of the company. The gross profit as shown in the income statement is 92944 which has significantly decreased from the previous year gross profit figure. Assertion and Explanation The gross profit of the company depends on the sales of the company. In the case of MJC Company the sales have decreased sharply, due to which the gross profit of the company has also fallen. As the sales of the company decreases, the cost of sales will also decrease. In the case of MJC Company, the decrease in sale and decrease in cost of sales are not in proportion with each other and thus it suggests that a material discrepancy might have occurred (Kumar and Sharma 2015). Thus the audit procedure has to be applied to this to confirm or deny the presence of any discrepancy. Recommended Audit Procedures The auditor needs to verify the income statement of MJC Company in order to get an understanding of the items which are deducted from the sales in order to get the gross profit of the company. The auditor has to check the nature of the expenses and ensure that there is no miscomputation or any item is not missed in the income statement. The auditor also needs to check the accuracy of the stated figure of the income statement. Second Account Selected Net Profit The net profit of the MJC Company for the year 2017 is 75840. The net profit figure of the company has decreased from the previous year which was 90122 in 2016. The net profit of the company is calculated by deducting the expenses which are incurred by the company from the gross profit figure. There has been a decrease in the net profit rate in comparison with the previous net profit figure by 15.85% Assertion and Explanation The net profit of the company is a key indicator of the performance of any company. The net profit of the company depends on the total sales of the company and also on the total expenses which is incurred by the company. As per the income statement of MJC company, both the sales and gross profit of the company has fallen from the previous year figures. The decrease in the net profit of the company by 15.85% is evidence enough that the sales of the company is on a declining trend. The total expenses of the company has also decreased from the previous year figure. Recommended Audit Procedures The auditor of the company will be applying audit procedures in estimating the accuracy of the items which are present in the financial statements. The auditor will be examining the expenses and determine the nature of the expenses and if they are relevant to the company(Eilifsen and Messier Jr 2014). The auditor needs to verify the income and expenses of the company as shown in the income statement with every record which the company maintains. Third Account Selected Account Receivable The account receivable figure of any company signifies a key part of the current assets of the company. This represents the credit sales which the company has and also forms a part of the total sales figure as shown in the balance sheet. This an important area where most of companies have tried to manipulate in order to make a suitable financial report. Therefore the auditor has to check the accuracy and appropriateness of the item(Hermanson, Smith and Stephens 2012). Assertion and Explanation As per the income statement of the Company, there has been an increase in the account receivables of the company from the previous year figure. The Account receivable of the business has increased from 111000 in 2016 to 118340 in 2017. The increase percentage is around 6.61% which signifies that the companys credit sales has increased over the year. The sales figure of the company has decreased and the credit sales of the company has increased which means the cash sales of the company has certainly fallen assuming that the majority of the figure of account receivable consist of credit sales. Thus the auditor need to check the item in order to confirm or deny the presence of any manipulations. Recommended Audit Procedures The auditor needs to check the records of sales to determine and verify the transaction which are related to credit sales. The audit then needs to check the accuracy of the figures as shown in the balance sheet of the company. The auditor needs to verify the sales records, ledgers, invoices and also relate the same with cash collected and still outstanding from the account receivable figures(Fukukawa and Mock 2012). The auditor can also ask for external confirmation with the debtors to confirm the figures. Fourth Account Selected Inventory The balance sheet of MJC company shows the inventory figure of the company from last year has increased. The inventory of the company was 174000 in 2016 which has risen to 187500 in 2017. The increase in the inventory in contrast with the previous year figure is by 7.76%. Assertion and Explanation In any business, the relevance of inventory and the verification of the inventory. Inventory is an item which the business must strictly control, as in many cases frauds and manipulations takes place in this item in the balance sheet. Moreover different methods of valuation of inventory are used by different business as per the requirement of the business and thus the auditor needs to check this. Recommended Audit Procedures The auditor needs to verify the inventory records and even physically verify the store to determine the opening and closing stock of the inventory of the company(Mersereau 2013). In addition to this the auditor needs to check all the requisitions slips of inventory will be issued out of stores and also ensure that a proper internal control exists for the purpose of inventory control.Fifth Account Selected Repairs and Maintenance The repairs and maintenance expenses of the company is shown at 1120 in 2017 which is much more than the previous year figure. There has been decrease in the expenses from previous year, however some manipulations still might exist. Assertion and Explanation The repair and maintenance expenses of the company forms apart of expenditure which are not incurred on a regular basis and thus as the expenses in incurred in both the years and more or less of significant amount, the auditor must check for any discrepancies. Recommended Audit Procedures The auditor needs to ensure that the expenses which the company has incurred in respect to repair and maintenance are appropriate or not. The auditor also needs to identify the asset on which such an expense was incurred. The fixed assets of the company represent the backbone of the company. These are the used for generating revenues for the company over the useful life of such assets. In most cases the value of these fixed assets are overstated and misrepresented. In the case of MJC company, the fixed assets of the company are recorded at historical costs and the depreciation is accumulated on these. The company records the fixed assets of the company at historical costs and the accumulated depreciation is shown in the balance sheet. Most of the discrepancies arises in the valuation and method of charging depreciation by the company. Recommended Audit Procedures The auditor must check the valuation of the assets of the company and also check the method of depreciation which is adopted by the company(Kausar, Shroff and White 2016). Different companies follow different methods like straight line method and diminishing balance method depending on the nature of the business. Reference Abbott, L.J., Parker, S. and Peters, G.F., 2012. Internal audit assistance and external audit timeliness.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,31(4), pp.3-20. Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J. and Mark, B., 2012.Auditing and assurance services: an integrated approach. Boston: Prentice Hall. Christensen, B.E., Glover, S.M., Omer, T.C. and Shelley, M.K., 2016. Understanding audit quality: Insights from audit professionals and investors.Contemporary Accounting Research,33(4), pp.1648-1684. Eilifsen, A. and Messier Jr, W.F., 2014. Materiality guidance of the major public accounting firms.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,34(2), pp.3-26. Emby, C. and Pecchiari, N., 2013. An Empirical Investigation of the Influence of Qualitative Risk Factors on Canadian Auditors Determination of Performance Materiality.Accounting Perspectives,12(4), pp.281-299. Fukukawa, H. and Mock, T.J., 2012. Auditors evidence evaluation and aggregation using beliefs and probabilities.International Journal of Approximate Reasoning,53(2), pp.190-199. Hermanson, D.R., Smith, J.L. and Stephens, N.M., 2012. How effective are organizations' internal controls? Insights into specific internal control elements.Current Issues in Auditing,6(1), pp.A31-A50. Kausar, A., Shroff, N. and White, H., 2016. Real effects of the audit choice.Journal of Accounting and Economics,62(1), pp.157-181. Kumar, R. and Sharma, V., 2015.Auditing: Principles and practice. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Mersereau, A.J., 2013. Information?Sensitive Replenishment when Inventory Records Are Inaccurate.Production and Operations Management,22(4), pp.792-810. Messier Jr, W.F., Simon, C.A. and Smith, J.L., 2012. Two decades of behavioral research on analytical procedures: What have we learned?.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,32(1), pp.139-181. Stewart, T.R. and Kinney Jr, W.R., 2012. Group audits, group-level controls, and component materiality: How much auditing is enough?.The Accounting Review,88(2), pp.707-737.

Lucid Dreaming Controlling Your Dreams Essay free essay sample

Lucid Dreaming- Controlling Your Dreams Essay, Research Paper Limpid Dreaming: Asleep and Aware Lucid dreaming is an issue that has been studied as far back as 1896. A Lucid dream is one in which the dreamer is cognizant that he/she is woolgathering and is sometimes able to take control. Lucid dreams are an existent phenomena that do happen in REM slumber. Dr. new wave Eeden was the first recorded individual to analyze dreams in which the dreamer is aware they are woolgathering. In 1896 he began entering his dreams. Over a period of one twelvemonth he recorded 352 dreams, but merely eight were lucid ( Dreams 784 ) . The existent definition of a limpid dream, is a dream in which the dreamer mentally awakens in the dream and becomes aware that it is merely a dream. This # 8220 ; rousing # 8221 ; is normally triggered by the dreamer detecting something in the dream that is far excessively unusual to be existent ( Blackmore 362 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Lucid Dreaming Controlling Your Dreams Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The existent term lucid dreaming was foremost used by the Dutch head-shrinker Fredrick new wave Olen in 1913. It merely means # 8220 ; clear dreaming # 8221 ; ( Blackmore 363 ) . Surveies and research have shown that 50 per centum of all Americans have had at least one limpid dream in their life that they could remember ( Lucid Dreaming 365 ) . When a dreamer becomes lucid there are physical alterations on the exterior of the organic structure and encephalon forms besides change. There are normally intermissions in external respiration and alterations in bosom rate. The sum of encephalon activity is more heightened than that of a regular dream, but less than when waking. It has besides been observed that a individual holding a limpid dream shows more encephalon activity than a waking individual under the influence of hallucinogenic drugs such as LSD ( Lucid Dreaming 364 ) . A limpid dream is normally provoked by an earlier twenty-four hours of heightened emphasis or anxiousness ( Lucid Dreaming 364 ) . They normally occur at the terminal of an eight or nine hr slumber ( Horgan 50 ) . Several methods have been developed for bring oning limpid dreams. The simplest and most common method is known as the MILD method, or Mnemonic Induction of Lucid Dreaming. This method consists of waking in the early forenoon from a dream and retrieving what the dream was approximately. Then as the dreamer returns to kip he or she should remind themselves that the dream is non existent as they return to the original dream ( Lucid Dreaming 366 ) . The 2nd method involves work during the twenty-four hours. The individual should constantly inquire them self when they are awake, # 8220 ; Am I woolgathering? # 8221 ; , so expression for a hint to turn out they are. Then when the individual falls asleep they will be reminded to inquire the same inquiry and in bend realize the dream is non existent ( Lucid Dreaming 366 ) . Another method involves the usage some sort of an external device that will make a signal to the dreamer that they are woolgathering. Keith Hearne was the first individual to incorporate this scheme. He would watch the dreamers eyes for rapid oculus motion ( REM ) to demo that they were woolgathering. He would so spray them with H2O to signal to them that they were woolgathering. This method was reasonably unsuccessful ( Blackmore 366 ) . In 1989 Dr. Steven La Berge invented the # 8220 ; Dream Light # 8221 ; . This device is a mask that the dreamer wears that contains a little LED for signalling dreams and a little computing machine that detects when dreams Begin. The # 8220 ; Dream Light # 8221 ; is available to the populace and over 2,000 have been sold. It retails for about $ 900. This is the most simple method but few can see it due to the cost ( Blackmore 366 ) . Once the dreamer becomes lucid they can make many interesting things such as pass oning with the outside waking universe. This can be done with the eyes or through external respiration. When a individual falls asleep, all their musculuss are paralyzed except for the eyes and internal variety meats. By traveling the eyes from left to compensate a predetermined figure times, a individual can signal things to the outside universe. Keith Hearne foremost discovered this in 1978 and used it to turn out that lucid dreams are existent and go on in REM slumber. He used a polygraph to find that when his topic moved his eyes left to compensate eight times, he was so in REM slumber, and aware of the fact. A individual can besides signal that they are dreaming by take a breathing quickly ( Blackmore 366 ) . With the ability to pass on while woolgathering and being able to command the dream, many inquiries that have remained unreciprocated about dreams can eventually be solved. It has been proven that in the deep province of REM slumber, all musculuss except for the eyes are paralyzed. Using limpid dreaming and oculus motions, it has been shown that when actions are performed in a dream, the encephalon still sends electrical urges to the musculuss to correspond to those actions. The urges merely have no consequence ( Blackmore 367 ) . This same rule besides applies to the usage of different encephalon hemispheres. Dr. Steven La Berge performed experiments affecting the usage of different sides of the encephalon in dreams. It has been proven that when waking, the right side of the encephalon is used for artistic things such as vocalizing, while the left side is used more for proficient actions like math. La Berge had dreamers sing and count in their dreams and a polygraph showed that the same side of the encephalon shows more activity than the other, merely like when waking. ( Blackmore 367 ) . Another similarity between limpid dreams and a waking province is the ability of the eyes to track swimmingly from left to compensate. When a individual closes their eyes and attempts to travel them swimmingly from left to compensate, the gesture is of course arrhythmic. The eyes need something to physically follow for them to travel swimmingly. Another of La Berge # 8217 ; s experiments showed that when the eyes follow something traveling in a dream they are merely every bit smooth as if they were following something in world ( Horgan 51 ) . One myth that has been disproved by La Berge # 8217 ; s research is that dreams occur in an blink of an eye. This is non true. The clip that elapses in a dream is the same length as the clip that elapses in the physical universe. La Berge showed this by holding his capable signal with their eyes, count to ten, so signal once more. La Berge observed that the clip between the two signals was eight seconds, the same clip it took the individual count to ten when they were awake ( Blackmore 366 ) . In add-on to larning more about how existent dreams work, there many more advantages to lucid woolgathering. Dreamers can execute undertakings in their dreams before they must really be done. Take for illustration an jock. A smuggler can run his race in his dream over and over and win. A concern adult male who has to give a address the following forenoon can pattern his address in his dreams in forepart of a dream audience. The possibilities are endless ( Colt 49 ) . Many great leaders have been influenced by their dreams. Samuel Coleridge claims that he wrote the great verse form # 8220 ; Kubla Kahn # 8221 ; in a dream. Friedrich Kekule, the inventor of the molecular construction of benzine, said it came to him in a dream ( Horgan 50 ) . Study of limpid dreams continues today largely at the Lucidity Association, founded by Dr. Steven La Berge. La Berge is the taking authorization on limpid dreams today ( Blackmore 368 ) . Lucid dreams have been studied for over 100 old ages and still non everything is known about them. Thankss to the work of people like La Berge and Hearne, more is going known each twenty-four hours. Besides technological progresss such as the polygraph have helped to turn out that lucid dreams are existent. All may neer be known but at this rate, everyone could be a limpid dreamer by the millenary. 355